On July 2, 1964, President Lyndon Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 into law. This landmark law prohibits discrimination on the basis of race in public accommodations, in publicly owned or operated facilities, in employment and union membership and in the registration of voters. To mark the anniversary, the U.S. Census Bureau has gathered key statistics that measure changes in some characteristics of different race groups to date.
Note: This analysis uses the closest available year for each race/ethnic group to the historic act. Analysis is limited because of limited historical data for all racial and ethnic groups.
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Population
1964
20,671,914 — The total estimated black population in the United States.
10.8% — The estimated percentage of the U.S. population that was black.
2013
41,623,897 — The total estimated black population in the United States.
13.2% — The estimated percentage of the U.S. population that was black.
1970
9.6 million — The total estimated Hispanic population in the United States.
4.7% — The estimated percentage of the U.S. population that was Hispanic.
2013
54.1 million — The total estimated Hispanic population in the United States.
1960
980,337 — The total Asian and Pacific Islander population in the United States.
0.5% — The percentage of the U.S. population that was Asian and Pacific Islander.
2013
16,632,553 — The total estimated Asian population in the United States.
5.3% — The estimated percentage of the U.S. population that was Asian.
1960
551,669 — The total American Indian, Eskimo and Aleut population in the United States.
0.3% — The estimated percentage of the U.S. population that was American Indian, Eskimo and Aleut.
2013
3,910,028 — The total estimated American Indian and Alaska Native population in the United States.
1.2% — The estimated percentage of the U.S. population that was American Indian and Alaska Native.
(1960)
(2013)
Geographic Distribution
1960
59.9% — The percent of the black population living in the South.
81.4% — The percent of the Asian population living in the West. The West had the largest concentration of Asians.
54.2% — The percent of the American Indian and Alaska Native population living in the West. The West had the largest concentration of the American Indian and Alaska Native population.
2010
56.5% — The percent of the black population living in the South. The South continues to have the largest concentration of African-Americans.
45.5% — The percent of the single-race Asian population living in the West. The West continues to have the largest concentration of Asians.
45.6% — The percent of the single-race American Indian and Alaska Native population living in the West.
Sources: http://www.census.gov/
http://www.census.gov/prod/
http://www.census.gov/content/
http://www.census.gov/content/
1970
41.0% — The percent of the Hispanic population living in the West. The West had the largest concentration of Hispanics.
2010
40.8% — The percent of the Hispanic population living in the West.
Sources:
1970: http://www.census.gov/
2010: http://www.census.gov/content/
School Enrollment
1964
4.6 million — Number of blacks enrolled in elementary school. In addition, 312,000 were enrolled in kindergarten.
1.6 million — Number of blacks enrolled in high school.
306,000 — Number of blacks enrolled in college.
2012
4.9 million — Number of blacks enrolled in elementary school. In addition, 646,000 were enrolled in kindergarten.
2.7 million — The number of blacks enrolled in high school. That is a 41.7 percent increase from 1964.
3 million — Number of blacks enrolled in college.
1972
1.9 million — Number of Hispanics enrolled in elementary school. In addition,241,000 were enrolled in kindergarten.
834,000 — Number of Hispanics enrolled in high school.
242,000 — Number of Hispanics enrolled in college.
2012
7.8 million — Number of Hispanics enrolled in elementary school. In addition, 1.1 million were enrolled in kindergarten.
3.8 million — The number of Hispanics enrolled in high school.
3.4 million — Number of Hispanics enrolled in college.
High School Graduates
1964
25.7% — Percentage of blacks age 25 and over who completed at least four years of high school.
2.4 million — Number of blacks 25 and over with at least four years of high school.
2012
85.0% — Percentage of blacks age 25 and over who completed at least four years of high school.
20.3 million — Number of blacks 25 and over with at least a high school diploma.
1974
36.5% — Percentage of Hispanics age 25 and over who completed at least four years of high school.
2012
65.0% — Percentage of Hispanics age 25 and over who completed at least four years of high school.
Note: The 2012 information in this section refers to the single-race black population.
Higher Education
1964
3.9% — Percent of blacks age 25 and over who completed at least four years of college.
365,000 — Number of blacks age 25 and over who had at least a bachelor’s degree.
2012
21.2% — Percent of blacks age 25 and over who completed at least four years of college.
5.1 million — Number of blacks age 25 and over who had at least a bachelor’s degree.
1974
5.5% — Percent of Hispanics age 25 and over who completed at least four years of college.
2012
14.5% — Percent of Hispanics age 25 and over who completed at least four years of college.
Sources:
http://www.census.gov/hhes/
Income
1964
$24,840 (in 2012 dollars) — The median family income for blacks.
$27,403 and $17,235 (in 2012 dollars) — Median income of black men and black women who worked full time, year-round.
2012
$40,517 — The median family income for the single-race black population.
$39,816 and $35,090 — Median income of single-race black men and black women who worked full time, year-round.
1976
$37,642 (in 2012 dollars) — The median family income for Hispanics.
$38,240 and $26,158 (in 2012 dollars) — Median income of Hispanic men and Hispanic women who worked full time, year-round.
2012
$40,764 — The median family income for the Hispanic population.
$32,516 and $29,508 — Median income of Hispanic men and Hispanic women who worked full time, year-round.
Poverty
1966
41.8% — Poverty rate for blacks. Nationally, the poverty rate for all races was 14.7 percent.
2012
27.2% — Poverty rate for single-race blacks. Nationally, the poverty rate for all races was 15 percent.
1972
22.8% — Poverty rate for Hispanics.
2012
25.6% — Poverty rate for Hispanics.
Voting
1964
58.5% — The percent of the total black population 18 years and older who voted in the 1964 presidential election.
69.3% — The percent of the total U.S. population 18 and older that voted in the 1964 presidential election.
2012
62.0% — The percent of the total black population 18 years and older who voted in the 2012 presidential election.
56.5% — The percent of the total U.S. population 18 and older that voted in the 2012 presidential election.
1972
37.5% — The percent of the total Hispanic population 18 years and older who voted in the 1972 presidential election.
2012
31.8% — The percent of the total Hispanic population 18 years and older who voted in the 2012 presidential election.
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