July is National Ice Cream Month

And all you really need to know about the ice cream market can be found here. Though the page is from New Zealand, it takes a world view.

Also, how to make ice cream.

Tracking Economic Recession and Recovery in America’s 100 Largest Metropolitan Areas

Beneath the constant drumbeat of headline numbers emanating from Washington on U.S. jobs, national unemployment, GDP, and home prices lies a complex, diverse set of 366 metropolitan economies. While no metro area has been immune from the current economic downturn, the pain is unevenly distributed. Some have felt only modest effects, and a few show early signs of recovery, while others are undergoing a wrenching restructuring that may fundamentally alter their economic trajectory.

The MetroMonitor, an interactive barometer of the health of America’s metropolitan economies, looks “beneath the hood” of national economic statistics to portray the diverse metropolitan landscape of recession and recovery across the country. It aims to enhance understanding of the underpinnings of national economic trends, and to promote public- and private-sector responses to the downturn that take into account metro areas’ unique starting points, weaknesses, and strengths—the potential “grassroots green shoots”—for eventual recovery.

Pedestrians, cyclists among main road traffic crash victims

The first global assessment of road safety finds that almost half of the estimated 1.27 million people who die in road traffic crashes every year are pedestrians, motorcyclists and cyclists. While progress has been made towards protecting people in cars, the needs of these vulnerable groups of road users are not being met.

The Global status report on road safety provides the first worldwide analysis of how well countries are implementing a number of effective road safety measures. These include limiting speed, reducing drink-driving, and increasing the use of seatbelts, child restraints and motorcycle helmets. Funded by Bloomberg Philanthropies, the report presents information from 178 countries, accounting for over 98% of the world’s population. It uses a standardized method that allows comparisons between countries to be made.

2010 Census: A New Portrait of America

This is a very interesting video from the US Census Bureau . It describe why the 2010 census is probably the most important one in US history. It explains how the census is used by all levels of government to allocate funds for services. This would be appropriate for use in many classes and groups.

Census Bureau: World’s Older Population Projected to Triple by 2050

The world’s 65-and-older population is projected to triple by midcentury, from 516 million in 2009 to 1.53 billion in 2050, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. In contrast, the population under 15 is expected to increase by only 6 percent during the same period, from 1.83 billion to 1.93 billion.

In the United States, the population 65 and older will more than double by 2050, rising from 39 million today to 89 million. While children are projected to still outnumber the older population worldwide in 2050, the under 15 population in the United States is expected to fall below the older population by that date, increasing from 62 million today to 85 million.

Facts and Findings about Foreclosures, Families, and Communities

"The Impacts of Foreclosures on Families and Communities," a new new Urban Institute report, details what is known about how foreclosures adversely affect households and their neighborhoods — from children and the elderly to public safety and local property tax revenues. It also looks at policies, programs, and response strategies to prevent or mitigate the fallout.

The report, a comprehensive resource for local officials, advocates, and concerned laypeople, was motivated by the recognition that this decade may be the most tumultuous in the history of U.S. housing markets. Home prices skyrocketed from 2000 to 2006, while subprime loans and other factors propelled an expansion in homeownership. Then it all fell apart. Prices have plummeted, foreclosure rates have ballooned, and many communities have been walloped.

100 Leading National Advertisers: 2009 edition index

Facts and figures on US ad spending
Published: June 22, 2009 in Advertising Age

MARKETER TREES 2009
Explore the database of the 100 Leading National Advertisers Featuring U.S. ad spending, division sales, personnel, brands and agencies.

RANKINGS, ANALYSIS, CHARTS AND MORE
100 Leading National Advertisers
A ranking of the top 100 U.S. advertisers in 2008

Spending Fell (only) 2.7% in '08. Real Problem: 2009
Walmart Stores Spending up 16%; Retail Surpasses Auto as Top Ad Category, by Bradley Johnson

Video: Bradley Johnson discusses 100 LNA

U.S. Ad Spend Trends: 2008
• % change in ad spend, 2001-2008: 100 LNA
• % change in ad spend, 2001-2011 (forecast): ZenithOptimedia
• How 2008 U.S. ad spending was split by medium
• How 2008 U.S. ad spending was split by category

Verizon Tops AT&T as Most-Advertised Brand
Walmart vaults into No. 5 Spot with 66% increase in measured media spending, by Maureen Morrison

Top 200 Megabrands
By U.S. measured media spending in 2008

Total U.S. Advertising Spending by Medium
• Measured media spending from TNS Media Intelligence
• Media plus marketing services from ZenithOptimedia

Total U.S. Measured Advertising Spending by Category
Media spending totals from TNS by category for 2008

Top 10 Advertisers in 10 Media
Top spenders in magazine, newspaper, outdoor, radio, broadcast TV, cable and internet based in measured media

U.S. Advertising as Percent of Sales
For the 100 LNA by category

U.S. Market Share Leaders
Marketers in key ad categories for 2008: Automotive, retail, restaurants, wireless, beverages, beer, prescription drugs, personal care and credit cards

e-SecretaryOfState.com

From HillLibrary:

Many types of businesses are required to file application and statement forms with the Secretary of State Office(s) where they conduct business. Use e-SecretaryOfState.com to find contact information for Secretary of State Office(s) that apply to your business, or search for registered companies and their filing status.

e-SecretaryOfState.com provides information for Secretary of State Offices in each state. Mailing address, phone number, fax number, and email address are provided.

Additionally, there are links for each office's main Web site, forms, tax forms, statutes, and entity search. Identify the forms and statutes relevant to you organization, or use the entity search to find registered businesses.

It's Not You, It's Your Data

I was away at my niece's high school graduation in Charlotte, NC in the middle of June, so I didn't come upon Bill Dowd's What? Why me? Intrusive queries from the Census Bureau, published in the Albany Times Union on Sunday, June 14, until this past weekend.

Mr. Dowd writes what I guess is a cheeky dealing with the American Community Survey. But I'll reply to his points seriously anyway.

"In a few days your household will receive a questionnaire in the mail for a very important national survey, the American Community Survey. When the questionnaire arrives, please fill it out and mail it back promptly. The U.S. Census Bureau is conducting this survey and chose your address, not you personally, as part of a randomly selected sample."

Interesting that this very process nullifies any statistical viability of such a survey.

The address is randomly sampled; I do not understand how this "nullifies any statistical viability". It's not totally random in that, if your address is picked, safeguards are in place so that the address won't be selected again soon.

Not only have I now received another Census Bureau letter concerning "The American Community Survey," I also received a questionnaire I am informed I must fill out and return, under penalty of law.

From Census News Briefs #67: "A person who 'refuses' or 'willfully neglects' to answer any census questions is subject to a fine of not more than $100. A person who 'willfully' provides false information can be fined up to $500." But it isn't the intent of Census to get people fined; it is to get the information it's required to collect.

They again demand my cooperation, even though they swear they don't know who I am since I was "randomly selected" -- by them.

Same source: "The Census Bureau requests names of people residing in the household, to ensure full coverage and minimize the likelihood of duplication, and a telephone number, in case it must follow-up to obtain missing or unclear information..."

I suppose I'm being unnecessarily stubborn in asking what these survey questions have to do with those topics:

How many times have I been married?

How many times has my spouse been married?

How are the two people in the household related to each other?

What are the household residents' ethnic origins?

When did the residents move into the current residence...

What is my monthly condominium fee, if applicable?

Has anyone in the household ever served in the military?

What kind of work do the residents of the household do?

Relationships and residence characteristics have implications in everything from health care to road design. Other questions involve voting rights, government benefits and other issues.

Unless the Census Bureau has, while I was sleeping, been assigned the task of planning the nation's highways, running the health care system, handling public safety programs, and building new schools, that makes no sense. The information it demands obviously will be shared with someone outside the Census Bureau. Many someones, no doubt.

No, Census does not plan the nation's highways; it provides the data in the aggregate which allows transportation planners to plan highways, educators to build or raze schools, and the like. Bill Dowd's individual information isn't being shared. Roger Green's individual information isn't being shared. The data provided show how many children in a particular block group, not characteristics of a particular child. In fact, the Census Bureau is very quick - overly quick, some believe -to SUPPRESS the data when it seems possible likely that an individual person or household might be revealed.

I'm hoping that Mr. Dowd actually look at the data already created through the American Community Survey so he can see that no individual person's information is revealed, only totals for various geographies. If he -or anyone else - needs help deciphering this, they can leave a comment and I'll do my best to explain.
***
On another Census topic, I was please to see this: White House Press Secretary Robert Gibbs confirmed during a press briefing [last week] that the Obama Administration was "determining the best way to ensure that gay and lesbian couples are accurately counted" in the 2010 census. The Wall Street Journal reported... that the Administration had directed the Census Bureau to explore ways to tabulate responses to the census relationship question, to produce data showing responses from married couples of the same sex.

The Census Bureau decided during the Bush Administration that it would re-code same sex spouse responses as "unmarried partners," citing provisions of the federal Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) that it believed prohibited the tabulation of data on marriages that are not between opposite sex couples, as well as concerns about data quality based on responses collected in the American Community Survey. Rep. Mike Quigley (D-IL) sent a letter earlier this week to President Obama, urging the Administration to recognize same-sex marriages in the 2010 census. Rep. Quigley and more than 50 other members of the LGBT Congressional Equality Caucus wrote to the President last month, suggesting that the Bush Administration had misinterpreted the DOMA and saying that reporting statistical data on same-sex couples "simply provides basic information about how Americans respond to the Census Bureau's questions" and "is not tantamount to federal recognition of same-sex marriage."

I never believed that DOMA forbade reporting what is happening in the states, and this is the type of data openness I suspect that Census would have preferred.

2010 Census - New JOB postings

Please check out these links to 2010 Census job openings and Regional Office positions in the New York City region (downstate plus). Open each link to see the geographic area of consideration (where applicants must reside).

http://www.census.gov/ronyc/www/emply.html

http://www.census.gov/ronyc/www/newyork2010jobs.html

How to apply pdf

Jobs in the Boston Regional Office's portion of the state (upstate) can be found at http://www.census.gov/robos/www/lcomanagement2010jobs.html.

ACS Compass Handbook

Another ACS Compass Handbook has been released by the Census Bureau. This one is targeted towards academic researchers. The report can be found at http://www.census.gov/acs/www/Downloads/ACSResearch.pdf.

Love and marriage (and divorce)

Marriage and divorce stats in NYS are tracked by the state health department. You'll find them at Tables 46 through 52. 2008 data are not yet available.

Table 46 - Marriages by Age of Bride and Age of Groom, New York State Exclusive of New York City
Table 47 - Marriages by County of Occurrence and Month of Ceremony, New York State
Table 48 - Dissolutions of Marriage by County of Decree and Type of Decree, New York State
Table 49 - Dissolutions of Marriage by Duration and Type of Decree by Region, New York State
Table 50 - Divorces by County of Decree and Legal Grounds, New York State
Table 51 - Divorces by County of Decree and Duration of Marriage, New York State
Table 52 - Divorces by County of Decree and Number of Children Under 18, New York State

2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007

Fireworks display industry data

You can get some good industry facts at the American Pyrotechnics Association - http://www.americanpyro.com/ and also at the National Fire Protection Association - http://www.nfpa.org/categoryList.asp?categoryID=297&URL=Safety%20Information/For%20consumers/Fireworks.

Races Differ in Rates of Sleep-Related Obesity

From US News & World Report: Blacks get less shuteye than whites, more suffer from obesity, study finds.

New York Issues Guidelines For Victims Of Ponzi-Style Investment Schemes

New York State Department of Taxation and Finance Commissioner Robert L. Megna has announced tax guidelines for people who suffer financial losses through fraudulent investment arrangements commonly known as Ponzi schemes.

To view the entire document please visihere.

2007 Economic Census: Real Estate and Rental and Leasing Industry Series

This is a series of national-level data files on the real estate and rental and leasing sector (NAICS 53). These include data for industries such as miniwarehouses and self-storage units, real estate agents and brokers, car rental and leasing, rental centers and others. The files provide data on the number of establishments, revenue, payroll, number of employees, value of product line revenue and other data items by industry.

Metropolitan and Micropolitan Areas

The latest updates for Metropolitan and Micropolitan Area Data Tables are as of February 4, 2009 and can be found here.

World Trade Organization: Hyperlinked Map of Disputes Between Members

The World Trade Organization has recently posted on its website an interactive map that depicts disputes between its member states. The top of the webpage shows a list of highlight-able choices among types of member-state involvement in disputes: as complainant, respondent, or either. The accompanying map shows member-state areas of the world in a color range of whitish pink to red, to indicate the range in the number of disputes (0-100), and non-member-state areas in gray; the United States is bright red.

Gov. Paterson Announces Transportation Projects

Governor Paterson announced the certification of an additional $94.9 million for highway and bridge improvements this week. A copy of the press release is attached and regional information may be found by clicking on the various geographies.

Census Update

From the June 2009 State Data Center Steering Committee Highlights

2010 Census
• About 13 million English/Spanish questionnaires will be sent to all addresses in tracts where 20 percent or more of the households had 1 or more persons age 15 and older speaking Spanish and not speaking English very well based on the 2000 Census and current knowledge
• Language assistance guides will be available in 59 languages

• Funders Census Initiative (FCI) is a project of the Funder’s Committee for Civic Participation
• A number of foundations are getting more interested in the Census, as users of the data and realizing the importance of an accurate count, and are working to encourage complete counts.
• These foundations may be willing to support local census promotion activities.

ACS Data Changes
• 95 detailed tables are being deleted from the 2008 ACS 1-year products due to breaks in series resulting from changes in the questionnaire.
• Most of these are being replaced with new tables. There will be 99 new detailed tables
• 37 detailed tables will be modified from previous years
• New topics for 2008 are marital history, health insurance, and service-connected disability
• Major changes have been made to the disability questions in 2008 result in a break in this series and no comparability with earlier years
• Disability related detailed tables are being renumbered. A note will indicate that these tables are not comparable with the similar looking table from previous years – a reference to the specific old table number will be included
• There will be no 3-year disability tables until the 2008-2010 tables are released in 2011.
• There will be no 5-year disability tables until the 2008-2012 tables are released in 2013
• The employment questions have been revised to be closer to the CPS questions. The impact of this change is being evaluated – the data may or may not be comparable with previous years. If it is determined that there is a break in this series, it will be handled the same way as the disability data.

The Name Game

No doubt you saw the story a few weeks ago about how Emma supplanted Emily as the most popular name for a baby girl, while, on the boys' side, Jacob held steady.

There's much more at Social Security's Popular Baby Names site such as the names of twins born in 2008, by rank:
1 Jacob, Joshua 69
2 Daniel, David 59
3 Jayden, Jordan 56
4 Ethan, Evan 50
5 Taylor, Tyler 43
6 Gabriella, Isabella 42

Interesting stuff. The problem I have with most of the the stories is that it doesn't tell you the change in the nature of naming children.

For instance, below are percentages of boys, girls born with these names:
1880
1 John 8.1541%, Mary 7.2381%
2 William 8.0511%, Anna 2.6678%
3 James 5.0057%, Emma 2.0521%
4 Charles 4.5167%, Elizabeth 1.9865%
5 George 4.3292%, Minnie 1.7888%
6 Frank 2.7380%, Margaret 1.6167%
7 Joseph 2.2229%, Ida 1.5081%
8 Thomas 2.1401%, Alice 1.4487%
9 Henry 2.0641%, Bertha 1.3523%
10 Robert 2.0404%, Sarah 1.3196%

1930

1 Robert 5.5021%, Mary 5.4969%
2 James 4.7781%, Betty 3.2794%
3 John 4.6417%, Dorothy 2.6064%
4 William 4.1855%, Helen 1.7076%
5 Richard 2.8491%, Margaret 1.5743%
6 Charles 2.8197%, Barbara 1.5683%
7 Donald 2.5723%, Patricia 1.3507%
8 George 2.0155%, Joan 1.3280%
9 Joseph 1.8579%, Doris 1.3250%
10 Edward 1.5346%, Ruth 1.2804%

1980
1 Michael 3.7039%, Jennifer 3.2811%
2 Christopher 2.6531%, Amanda 2.0132%
3 Jason 2.5994%, Jessica 1.9064%
4 David 2.2600%, Melissa 1.7776%
5 James 2.1205%, Sarah 1.4464%
6 Matthew 2.0417%, Heather 1.1223%
7 Joshua 1.9454%, Nicole 1.1189%
8 John 1.9018%, Amy 1.1148%
9 Robert 1.8475%, Elizabeth 1.0972%
10 Joseph 1.6285%, Michelle 1.0743%

2008
1 Jacob 1.0355%, Emma 0.9043%
2 Michael 0.9437%. Isabella 0.8941%
3 Ethan 0.9301%, Emily 0.8377%
4 Joshua 0.8799%, Madison 0.8199%
5 Daniel 0.8702%, Ava 0.8198%
6 Alexander 0.8566%, Olivia 0.8196%
7 Anthony 0.8442%, Sophia 0.7729%
8 William 0.8438%, Abigail 0.7250%
9 Christopher 0.8268%, Elizabeth 0.5748%
10 Matthew 0.8061%, Chloe 0.5692%

In 1880, two boy names were used by almost one-sixth of the population, while Mary was nearly thrice as popular as the next most popular girl's name. By 2008, the #1 names was considerably less dominant than the #10 names in 1980.

I decided to pick out some boys' and girls' names not entirely at random to note their trends.

Male

Roger
1880-349
1930-57
1980-134
2008-463
highest year-22 in 1945 (unsurprisingly)

Darrin
not in top 1000 until 1959
1980-505
not in top 1000 since 2004
highest year-102 in 1965

Gordon
1880-233
1930-77
1980-345
2008-946
highest year-70 in 1935

Rex
1880-519
1930-233
1980-488
2008-799
not in top 1000 in 1999-2002
highest year-171 in 1951

Arthur
1880-14
1930-23
1980-147
2008-363
highest year-14 in 1880-1884, 1886-1899, 1901

Norman
1880-133
1930-40
1980-286
not in top 1000 since 2005
highest year-36 in 1931

Leslie
1880-167
1930-139
1980-354
not in top 1000 since 1997
highest year-81 in 1895

Female

Carol
1880-685
1930-54
1980-232
not in top 1000 in 1883
not in top 1000 since 2006
highest year-4 in 1941

Lydia
1880-77
1930-233
1980-287
2008-120
highest year-75 in 1883

Gertrude
1880-25
1930-96
not in top 1000 since 1965
highest year-22 in 1906

Marcia
1880-614
1930-231
1980-414
not in top 1000 in 1992
not in top 1000 since 1994
highest year-74 in 1951

Gladys
1880-370
1930-48
1980-628
not in top 1000 in 1998
not in top 1000 since 1999
highest year-11 in 1901

Karen
1880-not in top 1000 until 1881
1930-687
1980-54
2008-183
not in top 1000 in 1882-1884, 1888, 1891, 1895-1905, 1907-1911, 1913-1917, 1919-1923, 1925, 1925, 1927
highest year-3 in 1965

Leslie
1880-655
1930-601
1980-61
2008-147
highest year-56 in 1981

Note that the specific spelling matters. For instance, on the boys' side in 2008, Arthur is #363, but, separately, Arturo is #352. Similarly, on the girls' 2008 list, Leslie is #147 and Lesly, #447; Lesley fell off the chart in 2008.

Having spent all this time on FIRST names, you may want to check out this database which allows you to search a last name and see how it ranks nationally, with racial demographic breakdowns (provided by U.S. Census Bureau).

Finally, I'm in the mood for a little Shirley Ellis:

Just don't try Chuck.

Economics and Statistics Administration

The Economics and Statistics Administration (ESA) is the bureau within the U.S. Department of Commerce where economic and social changes are chronicled, understood, and explained.

ESA provides broad and targeted economic data, analyses and forecasts for use by Government agencies, businesses and others, as well as develops domestic and international economic policy.

Many important political and business decisions are based upon the economic and demographic information produced by ESA and its components: the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), U.S. Census Bureau, and STAT-USA.

Kids Count Data Center

Want to find out how kids are faring in your county or school district? The newly redesigned KIDS COUNT Data Center features local data in addition to hundreds of indicators of child well-being for cities, states, and the nation as a whole. Create your own maps, graphs, or charts, and use them in presentations or post them on your own website or blog.

Tech Valley Trends – A Basis for Civic Change

Rocky Ferraro, Executive Director, Capital District Regional Planning Commission, notes that the report Tech Valley Trends – A Basis for Civic Change is now posted on the CDRPC site.

Number of Muslims in America

Nation Master: US ranked 34th w 6 million

Wikipedia: US ranked 52nd w 2.35 million

If Nation Master's number is correct, it's rather significant. A larger number than Libya, Jordan, Israel, or Kuwait.

2005 New York State Corporate Tax Statistical Report

The Corporate Tax Statistical Report is intended to provide a summary of corporate tax data to aid interested parties in their analysis of New York's corporate tax structure. Tables in this report present tax statistics for Article 9-A (the franchise tax on business corporations), Article 9 (the corporation and utilities tax), Article 32 (the franchise tax on banking corporations), and Article 33 (the franchise tax on insurance companies). The report focuses on the franchise taxes imposed under these articles to enable data users to more easily understand the
corporate franchise tax population and liability. By definition, it includes the excise taxes imposed under Article 9, Sections 186-a and 186-e.

This edition of the Corporate Tax Statistical Report provides detailed information for liability year 2005.

To download the entire publication and statistical tables, please visit here.

Lottery Scam Warning

Everyone wants to be a winner, but lottery scams can fool some people. In order not to be taken in by the illusion of monetary gain, the New York State Consumer Protection Board and the New York State Lottery have produced a Public Service announcement of tips in English and Spanish featuring Yolanda Vega here.

The bar/bat mitzvah question

Someone asking about 13-year-old Jewish children got this as a partial answer:

The problem with getting demographics is that there is no agreement on them. The Census, for instance, is prohibited from asking religion questions. I have reports indicating they’re declining precipitously and others with a small increase.

ARIS indicates that the adult Jewish population has declined from 3,137,000 (1.8%) in 1990 to 2,680,000 (1.2%) in 2008. They note that definition is practicing Jews, not “ethnically” Jewish. In 2008, 49% of Jews were male, 51% female. 21% are 18-29, 28% are 30-49, 33% are 50-69 and 18% are over 70.

Conversely, Pew Research shows 1.7% of adult Americans are Jewish; Reform 0.7%, Conservative 0.5%, Orthodox- <0.3%; rest are "other" or not specified. The AJIS study from 2001 suggests that there were roughly 2.5 million Jewish children.

From ARDA: Judaism by county (2000) and by metro area (2000). For 2005, it estimates a total of 5.7 million Jews in the US, 1.7% of the total population.

By comparision, here's the world Jewish population by country.

Having found bar mitzvah website, I was frankly happy to find this relevant quote here: "I doubt very much there are any statistics on the number of Bar/Bat Mitzvahs are in the US. Each synagogue has their own set-up and there is no central database I know of even for the main denominations… What you'd need is a census of Jews turning 13 in any given year - and that is not really available anywhere you could rely on. Some portion of THAT number would have a bar/bat mitzvah ceremony."

Lists:
Jewish magazines
Jewish newspapers
Jewish newspapers
Jewish organizations

Top 20 U.S. Counties by Annual Carbon Emissions

A new study by the Vulcan Project has calculated carbon emissions at the county level across the country. One "top" county is in New York State. Any guesses?

Social Security Insurance Recipients by State and County, 2008

Local area data for SSI program for aged, blind, and disabled people are the focus of this annual statistical report, which, not incidentally, can only be accessed on the Web; no print version is available

Question about Disability

From The Census Project:

Sen. Mel Martinez (R-FL) introduced legislation on May 21 to require the Census Bureau to change the way it collects data on disability in the American Community Survey (ACS). The ACS, launched nationwide in 2005 to replace the traditional census long form, samples roughly 250,000 addresses a month to produce annually updated estimates of the nation's socio-economic characteristics. The "Disability Data Modernization Act" (S. 1127) would replace the current ACS question on disability with "standardized function questions used by medical providers," Sen. Martinez said in announcing introduction of the measure on May 21. The ranking Republican on the Special Committee on Aging said the current question wording "is not meeting its legislative purpose. [With the change], we can better plan for a coordinated, comprehensive, and compassionate system of long-term care which will allow each and everyone of us to live out our lives with dignity and independence." Under Office of Management and Budget (OMB) policy, all data collected in the census, of which the ACS is a part, must be required by federal law, be necessary to administer a federal program or law, or be required to implement the goals of a federal court decision.

S. 1127 specifically directs the Census Bureau to use the Katz Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Index and the Lawton-Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) to measure extent of disability. The senator described ADLs as "activities essential for self-care" and IADLs as "activities essential to function in the home and community," and said the measures are "two of the most widely accepted and used indices of function by hospitals, researchers, federal agencies and Long-Term Care facilities for 40 years." The bill was referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.

So my question: understanding that ADLs and IADLs are "two of the most widely accepted and used indices of function by hospitals, researchers, federal agencies and Long-Term Care facilities for 40 years," are the terms easily understandable by members of the general public?

2007 Economic Census: Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services Industry Series

Sector 54: EC0754I1 includes legal services, accounting and tax preparation services, engineering and architectural services.